Known locally in Oman as the Kaidha tree and scientifically identified as Pandanus odorifer, this tree has been cherished for generations as a symbol of beauty, fragrance and cultural identity. Long before modern perfumes and cosmetics became widely available, Omani women relied on the tree’s aromatic fruit and flowers to scent their clothing, enhance personal care rituals and preserve traditions passed down through generations.
More than a fragrant plant, the Kaidha tree became deeply woven into Oman’s social and cultural fabric. Its distinctive scent inspired stories, folklore and traditional songs, while its presence in homes reflected a close relationship between women and the natural environment. Today, this enduring heritage continues to thrive through individuals who are working to preserve and reimagine its uses for contemporary audiences.
Historical accounts and oral traditions suggest that women were primarily responsible for cultivating and caring for the Kaidha tree. In some communities, the tree was treated with great affection and respect, to the extent that local customs likened its celebration to that of a bride. Such practices reflected the tree’s significance in everyday life and its association with femininity and beauty.
The fragrant fruit of the Kaidha tree was widely used to perfume clothing and household fabrics. Women would place the fruit among garments and textiles, allowing its scent to infuse the fabric with a pleasant aroma that lingered for long periods. Others added it to water to impart a subtle fragrance and flavour, making it an integral part of traditional domestic practices.
The Kaidha tree also holds a place in Oman’s rich folklore. Its distinctive fragrance and cultural value inspired references in traditional songs and oral poetry, where it often symbolised beauty, longing and cherished memories. These artistic expressions helped preserve the tree’s legacy and reinforced its role as a cultural icon within Omani society.
Today, efforts to preserve this heritage continue through the work of passionate entrepreneurs such as Shamsa bint Salim bin Suleiman al Maawali from the Wilayat of Wadi Al Maawil. Through her brand, 'Al Maawaliya for Incense, Perfumes and Cosmetics', she has transformed a traditional element of Omani culture into a contemporary business while maintaining its authentic roots.
According to Al Maawali, her interest in the Kaidha tree stemmed from a desire to revive traditional practices and introduce them to younger generations. She began experimenting with fermenting the fruit in Hal Haleel, a traditional oil familiar to many Omani mothers and grandmothers. Before the widespread availability of modern cosmetic products, this oil was commonly used for hair and body care.
As she introduced the product to customers, she found that many were eager to reconnect with memories of the past. Some purchased it for their mothers and grandmothers, while others were curious about its traditional benefits and uses. Encouraged by the positive response, she expanded her work to include perfumes, incense and scented beauty products inspired by the unique fragrance of the Kaidha tree.
For Al Maawali, preserving the Kaidha tree is about more than creating products. It is about safeguarding an important part of Oman’s cultural identity and ensuring that traditional knowledge is passed on to future generations. She hopes that greater support will be provided to heritage-based businesses that contribute to the preservation and promotion of Omani traditions.
As Oman continues to embrace modernity, the Kaidha tree remains a fragrant reminder of the country’s rich cultural heritage. Through stories, songs, customs and contemporary initiatives, its legacy continues to flourish, connecting the past with the present and ensuring that an important chapter of Omani history lives on for generations to come.
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