What do we need to know about Botswana

To witness the highest concentration of elephants in Africa, head to Chobe National Park in the north of Botswana. Mashatu Game Reserve and the Okavango Delta are also prime spots for elephant sightings – particularly around the waterholes.

The Republic of Botswana was established in 1966 following its independence and was previously under British rule and was known as Bechuanaland, so the name change came with Botswana’s shift to a self-governance. The name Botswana means ‘place of the Tswana people,’ reflecting the country’s dominant Tswana population.

Nijel Amos secured Botswana’s first-ever Olympic medal. At just 18 years old, Amos set a national record at the iconic London Olympic Stadium. Fast-forward to 2024, Letsile Tebogo made history by winning Botswana’s first Olympic gold medal in the men’s 200-metre final at the Paris Olympics.

Botswana is a haven for endangered species. Once among the most widespread vultures in Africa, the white-backed vulture population is now rapidly declining. However, these majestic birds can still be found soaring above Botswana’s unfurling savannahs and lush grasslands. Similarly, African wild dogs – considered Africa’s most endangered carnivore – have seen a drastic population decline. Despite this, you’re likely to catch a glimpse of them in the protected areas of the Okavango Delta and Chobe National Park.

The UNESCO-listed Okavango Delta is one of the world’s largest inland deltas and a buzzing wildlife hub. With two mentions on this list already, it’s no surprise the delta has been dubbed one of the Seven Natural Wonders of Africa. Its residents? Hippos, cheetahs, giraffes and elephants (to name just a few) roam on land, while over 480 bird species fill the skies, making it a popular safari hotspot.

The Pula has been the official currency of Botswana since August 1976, replacing the Rand. The word Pula means ‘rain’ or ‘blessing’ in English – a nod to how valuable rain is in the arid African landscape.

Nearly 40% of Botswana is covered by national parks and wildlife reserves .The Central Kalahari Game Reserve and Chobe National Park are among the big names, while the Mashatu Game Reserve and Nxai Pan National Park are lesser-trodden treasures. You can explore these vast and varied landscapes by 4x4, on horseback, on foot, or even by quad bike to witness Botswana’s wildlife roaming free.

Botswana’s diamond industry also plays a major role in its economy. Botswana is home to the Jwaneng mine, one of the world’s richest diamond mines. Bordering the edge of the Kalahari Desert in south-central Botswana, the mine produced a whopping 12.5 million carats in 2019. 

Calling all birdwatching enthusiasts, visit Botswana’s diverse habitats during the rainy season to spot a wide variety of birds. For feather-filled views, head to the Makgadikgadi Pans to witness blush-pink flamingos, or venture to the Central Kalahari Game Reserve to see desert-adapted species – including martial eagles, eastern paradise whydahs and Namaqua sandgrouses.