Oman’s maritime history is a story of courage, connection and civilisation — a tale that continues to illuminate the nation’s identity as a bridge between cultures. Through centuries of voyages across the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean and beyond, Omani sailors built not only trade routes but also human connections founded on dialogue, peace and shared prosperity.
Omani maritime heritage stands as one of the most deeply rooted aspects of national identity — a living testament to values of honesty, integrity and goodwill. Its traces can still be found across Africa, India, China and Southeast Asia, where Omani sailors once docked their ships and left lasting marks of faith, culture and cooperation. These voyages shaped the Sultanate of Oman’s reputation as a nation of tolerance, openness and cultural exchange.
Shaikh Hamoud bin Hamad al Ghailani, researcher in Omani maritime history, noted that Omani influence spread naturally through kindness and sincerity rather than conquest. “The spread of Islam in East Africa and Asia came through good treatment, honest cooperation and trustworthiness”, he said, recalling stories such as that of Al Amiri and the King of Uganda — symbols of the peaceful spread of faith.
Omani seafarers also left their imprint through culture and knowledge. The appearance of Omani Arabic newspapers in East Africa and the rise of figures like Ahmad bin Majid, the celebrated navigator, reflect Oman’s mastery in navigation and learning. These seafarers transformed their experiences into written works that guided global maritime exploration, cementing Oman’s role as a beacon of early scientific inquiry and oceanic wisdom.
Dr Saleh bin Mohammed Al Fahdi, Member of the State Council, described Omani maritime history as “a cornerstone of the nation’s soft power.” He emphasised that Oman’s geographical position — linking East and West — enabled it to foster dialogue among civilisations. Historic ports like Suhar, Qalhat and Sur served as vital crossroads of trade and culture, where travelers replenished supplies, exchanged knowledge, and shared stories.
Khalid bin Ali al Mukhaini, researcher in maritime studies, poetically described the sea as 'destiny and identity' for the Omanis — a vast school that shaped their civilisation. He explained how Omani sailors mastered navigation using stars, monsoon winds, and handmade instruments like the marine astrolabe and wooden compass. Their knowledge transformed ports such as Muscat, Mirbat, and Suhar into bustling global hubs, teeming with ships trading copper, dates, spices, and gold.
Modern Oman has continued to honour this seafaring spirit through historic voyages such as Suhar’s journey to China in 1980 and Jewel of Muscat’s voyage to Singapore in 2010.
Dr Badriya bint Mohammed al Nabhaniyah recalled how the 'Jewel of Muscat', built on the initiative of the late Sultan Qaboos bin Said, revived Oman’s image as a maritime and diplomatic power. “It was not just a ship,” she said, “but a message of friendship sailing across the Indian Ocean”.
Dr Ahlam bint Hamoud al Jahouriyah highlighted that these symbolic voyages embody Oman’s long-standing message of peace. From Shabab Oman I and II to Zeinat Al Bihar, Omani ships continue to represent Oman at international maritime events, fostering friendship and cooperation across the world. Historic vessels like Al Rahmani and Sultana stand as reminders of Oman’s military and diplomatic prowess — the latter having sailed to New York in 1839 to deliver a message of goodwill to the US President.
Today, Oman’s maritime legacy is far more than a chapter in its history; it is a living force shaping the nation’s cultural diplomacy. It represents a deep and enduring connection between past and present — a heritage built not on conquest, but on compassion, trade and dialogue. Through sails that once bridged the horizons of East and West, Oman continues to carry forward a message of peace, humanity, and mutual respect. — ONA
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