The return to school after the summer break is a critical period in the academic calendar. While it offers students a fresh start, it also presents challenges related to learning retention.
Extended interruptions in formal education can result in a phenomenon commonly referred to as 'summer learning loss,' which may negatively affect academic performance.
Understanding this impact and identifying effective strategies to compensate for lost learning are essential for educators and policymakers.
Research indicates that students often experience declines in reading, mathematics, and other core subjects during extended absences from school.
On average, students may lose approximately one month of learning over the summer due to reduced engagement in structured activities and limited access to educational resources outside the classroom. Consistent with these findings, an Austrian study of 182 lower secondary students (aged 10–12) with nine-week summer vacations found declines in arithmetic problem-solving and spelling, while gains were observed in reading (Salzburg Reading-Screening, SLS-8).
The extent of learning loss or gain appeared to be related to the amount of practice students engaged in during the break (Macher et al, 2015).
To mitigate the effects of summer learning loss and facilitate a smoother transition back into the academic year, schools can implement a range of evidence-based strategies.
Early diagnostic assessments are essential for identifying gaps in student knowledge and tailoring instructional plans, accordingly, providing actionable insights for targeted interventions (Briggs & Wellberg, 2022).
Enrichment programmes and remedial measures, including summer catch-up initiatives, play a vital role in reinforcing essential skills that may have weakened; participation in high-quality programmes combining enrichment with structured remedial instruction has been shown to reduce learning loss and enhance academic achievement (Augustine et al., 2013; Catapult Learning, 2021).
Integrated learning activities — such as project-based and collaborative approaches at the start of the school year — not only rebuild connections with curriculum content but also boost critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and student engagement (eSchool News, 2025).
Active parental involvement in academic support and home-based learning strengthens skill retention and enhances children’s motivation and learning at school (Help Kids Recover).
Finally, programmes that blend academic interventions with enrichment elements, such as STEM learning, robotics, and social-emotional learning, have demonstrated effectiveness in closing achievement gaps and reducing learning loss.
In conclusion, returning to school after the summer break presents both challenges and opportunities.
While learning loss remains a significant concern, proactive strategies implemented by both schools and families can effectively support students in regaining lost knowledge and establishing a strong foundation for the academic year.
Recognising the significance of this transitional period is crucial for promoting sustained academic success.
Dr Zainab Al Ajmi
The writer is with the Ministry of Education
Oman Observer is now on the WhatsApp channel. Click here
