Flying during the summer can be exciting, but for many travellers, air pressure changes during a flight can trigger ear discomfort or pain — a condition commonly known as "airplane ear."
This uncomfortable sensation happens when the air pressure inside your middle ear doesn't equalise with the air pressure outside. The Eustachian tube — a narrow passage connecting the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat — is responsible for maintaining this balance.
During takeoff, the air pressure outside the body drops, creating excess pressure inside the ear. During descent, the reverse occurs, and the outside pressure becomes greater, causing the eardrum to retract inward.
While most passengers can adjust naturally, those with colds, sinus infections, allergies, or structural issues like a deviated septum may struggle to equalise the pressure. Such individuals are more prone to ear pain or even temporary hearing loss during flights.
According to the Ministry of Health, several simple strategies can help prevent or reduce the discomfort of airplane ear. These include:
Yawning, swallowing, or chewing gum during takeoff and landing.
Avoiding naps during ascent or descent, as staying awake helps regulate pressure.
Using decongestant nasal sprays if you have a cold or allergy symptoms (after consulting a doctor).
Avoiding travel during acute sinusitis or severe nasal congestion.
Using filtered earplugs designed to regulate pressure changes more gradually.
Staying well-hydrated to stimulate natural swallowing.
Additional methods include using ear drops before boarding, drinking fluids, and chewing gum to activate the muscles that open the Eustachian tubes.
Most symptoms resolve within a few hours post-flight. However, persistent ear pain, hearing loss, dizziness, or fluid discharge may require medical attention from an ENT specialist.
Children, especially infants, are more vulnerable to ear discomfort due to narrower Eustachian tubes and their inability to consciously equalise pressure.
Parents can help by:
Breastfeeding or bottle-feeding during takeoff and landing.
Offering a pacifier to infants to encourage swallowing.
Giving older children hard candy, a juice box with a straw, or chewing gum if they’re over four years old.
Avoiding the use of decongestants in young children due to potential side effects.
Understanding airplane ear and taking a few preventive steps can make a significant difference in your flying experience. By preparing ahead and knowing how to relieve pressure, you can enjoy your travels without unnecessary discomfort.
Always consult a healthcare provider if you experience frequent issues or have preexisting ear conditions to ensure safe and comfortable flights.
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