The Philippines, an archipelago comprising over 7,600 islands, is a vibrant mosaic of cultures and religions. Among its diverse populace, the Muslim community holds a significant place, primarily residing in the southern regions of the country, especially in Mindanao, Sulu, and Palawan. The Muslim population, estimated at around 11 million, makes up about 10% of the overall population, with the majority living in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). This unique geographic distribution underpins a rich cultural heritage that thrives in the face of historical and contemporary challenges.
As the holy month of Ramadhan approaches, Muslim communities across the Philippines prepare for a period of spiritual reflection, fasting, and community bonding. Most Muslims in the country observe the fast, known as “sawm,” which entails abstaining from food and drink from dawn until dusk. Breaking the fast, or “iftar,” is a communal affair, where families and friends come together to share a meal. Traditional foods often grace the iftar table, reflecting both local and Islamic culinary influences.
Cultural practices during Ramadhan also vary across regions. In some areas, vibrant community gatherings offer free meals to those fasting, fostering a sense of solidarity. Prayer and recitation of the Quran take on heightened significance, with many congregating at mosques for nightly prayers known as “Tarawih.” Unique traditions may include the “Simbang Gabi,” a series of early morning masses leading to Eid al-Fitr, and community activities aimed at promoting charitable giving, or “zakat,” which is one of the five pillars of Islam.
Non-Muslim Filipinos show remarkable support for their Muslim neighbours during Ramadhan, reflecting a spirit of mutual respect and understanding. Many non-Muslim communities make a conscious effort to accommodate those observing the fast, often refraining from eating in front of individuals who are fasting, particularly in public spaces. This gesture fosters a harmonious coexistence based on respect for cultural practices.
One of the most beloved Iftar delicacies among the Moros, especially the Maguindanaons, is “sindol.” This delightful dish combines locally sourced ingredients—sweet potatoes and taro, which can often be found in a typical Moro backyard, while coconut, banana, corn, tapioca, and jackfruit are available from farms or local markets.
Making sindol is a straightforward process. It begins with fresh coconut milk, traditionally prepared using a simple coconut grater called “kukulan.” While grating coconut is still common, pre-packaged coconut shavings are also available in markets.
To prepare sindol, start by boiling a mixture of coconut milk and water with the taro, banana, and sweet potatoes. Once softened, add “pulot,” a sticky rice made from either black or white glutinous rice, and stir for about 15 minutes. Finally, incorporate corn, tapioca, jackfruit, and brown sugar, stirring until the mixture thickens. The delicious dish is then ready to delight fasting Moros.
The national government has also recognised the importance of Ramadhan in the Filipino social fabric by declaring Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha as non-working public holidays. This recognition allows everyone, regardless of faith, to celebrate alongside their Muslim compatriots, emphasising unity and respect for diversity. Local governments and communities organise events that promote interfaith dialogue and understanding, featuring activities that educate non-Muslims about Islamic culture and practices.
Notably, community initiatives such as public gatherings during iftar highlight the integration of Islamic traditions within the broader Filipino culture. Events featuring traditional Muslim food, music, and dance foster goodwill and build bridges between different faiths, showcasing the essence of the Filipino value of “bayanihan” – coming together for a common cause.
Ramadhan in the Philippines exemplifies a beautiful intertwining of cultures, where the Muslim community’s practices are celebrated and respected by their non-Muslim counterparts. As the islands of the Philippines continue to embody diversity, the spirit of Ramadhan serves as a poignant reminder of the power of compassion, understanding, and unity across the archipelago.
Oman Observer is now on the WhatsApp channel. Click here
