Enhancing the socioeconomic contribution of Oman’s fisheries sector

The Sultanate of Oman has a coastline stretching over 3,165 kilometres, providing diverse fisheries resources that the Omanis have depended on for socio-economic activities for centuries. Fishing has traditionally been the cornerstone of Oman’s economy and has for a long time been considered as a way of living.
With the emergence of Vision 2040, Oman aspires to diversify its economy and the fisheries sector is poised to become a potential driver for economic development.
The impact of the fisheries sector goes beyond the economic opportunities—fishing communities across the coastal governorates have a unique and rich cultural heritage that is closely intertwined with the marine ecosystem. Fishing communities hold rich traditions which include folk dances, cuisines, and storytelling which emphasize the significance of the fishing culture.
From a social perspective, the fisheries sector uplifts rural communities, creating a pathway for inclusive development to provide social, economic, and food security to vulnerable households.
Although women’s contributions in post-harvest activities, like processing and trading, are often overlooked, these roles are impactful. There is, however, a lack of adequate support for women’s groups and social advocacy has sought to improve these conditions.
EXPORT LOGISTICS
Oman is strategically located near the Arabian Sea which is advantageous for international and regional exports. Oman’s logistics and cold chain capabilities have greatly improved with the modern fishing ports such as Duqm and Raysut. These ports have sophisticated freezing, processing, and warehousing facilities which diminish spoilage and ensure international food and safety standard compliance.
Oman has exported over 218,000 tonnes of fish by the end of 2024 and has been selling to over 70 countries. The key trade markets include the GCC, East Asia, and Europe. The government is developing new trade agreements and certifications to penetrate desired markets such as Japan, South Korea, and the European Union. Oman is continuing to enhance its seafood exportation by maintaining streamlined customs, implementing digital tracking, and investing in cold chains.
REGIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Each of Oman’s governorates has unique contributions in the fisheries sector. Al Wusta Governorate has emerged as a hub for large-scale aquaculture and deep-sea fishing. Musandam Governorate is well-known for its artisanal and reef fishing because of the fjord-like coastline. Dhofar is known for both coastal fisheries and inland aquaculture, and Al Batinah North and South specialize in the harvesting of sardines and mackerels.
The dispersal of fisheries activities minimizes the growing imbalance of economic development in the country while also addressing the issue of rural-urban migration. The region’s economic processing plants, education institutions, and fishing cooperatives contribute toward the development of the entire region.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES
The impact of climate change is a growing concern Oman’s fisheries industry. The rising temperatures of the sea, acidification, and shifting migration of species can impact the availability of fisheries as well as the catch. Furthermore, the seasonal upwelling cycles that supply nutrient-rich waters are especially vulnerable to climate change.
Oman is addressing these challenges by implementing climate-resilient adaptations such as real-time oceanographic monitoring and ecosystem-based modeling. Multinational marine research organizations are collaborating to aid in climate impact assessments, and in-country climate forecasting. Mangrove, seagrass, and coral reef conservation—critical to the ecosystem as breeding and nursery grounds—are part of a broader strategy to climate change adaptation.
CONCLUSION
In the long-term, Oman’s fisheries sector can serve as a valuable opportunity to contribute toward the country’s economy. The vision and the intentions, in alignment with the government answering to the growing calls for investment and aid in the sector, will aid fortifying the industry as a benchmark for developmental aid.
As Oman develops other sectors apart from hydrocarbons, fisheries blend tradition with modern innovation and showcase Oman’s resilience. The country’s fisheries sector, from the thriving artisanal ports to the modern Duqm processing plants, demonstrate the multifaceted value addition achieved which transcends mere economic benefits to include social and environmental gains.